Infectious Disease Models
Publication: Infection And Immunity, Dec. 2005, p. 7836-7843 Vol. 73, No. 12
In vivo images of brains from mice with meningitis at 19h postinfection. Much of the bacterial signal comes from discrete patches, whereas GFAP is induced in the entire brain and there are different intensities of the bioluminescence signal in certain regions of the brain.
Publication: Infection And Immunity, Feb. 2003, p. 882-890 Vol. 71, No. 2
Monitoring the level of bioluminescence activity of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus of a 2-day-old biofilm on catheter segment. Note the lack of light signal from catheter colonized with parental strains or control catheters, indicating the specificity of the detection system.
In vitro monitoring of the level of bioluminescence activity of P aeruginosa and S. aureus of a 2-day-old biofilm on catheter segment. Note the lack of light signal from catheter colonized with parental strains or control catheters, indicating the specificity of the detection system.
The strain was spotted in the center of a LB-agar plate, and incubated at 37ーC for 16 hours. The swarming Xen 44 displayed periodic repeating cycles of swarming and consolidation phases, characteristic to wild type P. mirabilis. The bioluminescent Xen 45 appeared to be defective in the swarming ability.
Inflammation Models
Publication: Int J Parasitol. 2005 Jul;35(8):851-9
Publication: Neuroscience Letters(2004). 367:210・12
Oncology/Angiogenesis Models
Publication: Cancer Res. 2003 Nov 1;63(21):7042-6.
- These mice are littermates
- Top mouse has LucRep and no Cre recombinase
- Lower mouse has LucRep and expresses Cre in all cells
These images show two transgenic mice that have inherited a Cre recombinase-dependent luciferase (LucRep) transgene. Both mice are littermates, but one of the mice additionally inherited a Cre allele that expresses in all tissues.
The LucRep transgene was designed to be "witched on" by Cre in all tissues. As illustrated in these images (and confirmed by further analysis), these mice only become bioluminescent following Cre-mediated recombination of the LucRep allele. (1 second, bin 2 images, IVIS Imaging System 100 Series)
Publication: Cancer Res. 2003 Nov 1;63(21):7042-6.
These images show the LucRep transgene lighting up spontaneously developed (K-Ras dependent) lung tumors in the mouse. Cre recombinase was used to activate mutant K-Ras expression in the lung which simultaneously "witched on" luciferase expression from the LucRep transgene. As a consequence, the K-Ras-induced tumor cells also expressed luciferase, which could be imaged non-invasively with an IVIS Imaging System. (1 minute, bin 10 images, IVIS 100 Series)
These transgenic mice specifically express firefly luciferase in their blood vessels and have been injected with non-glowing LL/2 tumor cells at two sites as indicated.
As the tumor cells themselves don't glow, the observed tumor bioluminescence indicates de novo tumor vascularization (angiogenesis), whereby the light originates from labeled blood vessel tissue that has grown from the host into the tumor. (20 sec, bin 5 images, IVIS Imaging System 100 Series)
The expression of both firefly luciferase and SV40 T-antigens are regulated by the Elastase I promoter in these transgenic mice. This restricts both luciferase and oncogene expression to the exocrine pancreas, such that all oncogene-induced pancreatic tumors glow. (Images; IVIS Imaging System 200 Series, 60 sec, Large bin)
Publication: Cancer Res. 2006; 66 (9). May 1, 2006
The expression of both firefly luciferase and SV40 T-antigens are regulated by tissue-specific promoters (PSA and rPB respectively) that restrict transgene expression to the cells of the prostate epithelium. The prostate tumors in these mice are induced by SV40 T-antigen expression and develop from the population of normal and bioluminescent prostate epithelial cells. The number of luciferase expressing cells increases as the tumors develop. Thus increased bioluminescence over time is indicative of tumor growth.
The expression of both firefly luciferase and SV40 T-antigens are regulated by the Uroplakin II promoter in these transgenic mice. This restricts both luciferase and oncogene expression to the urothelium of the bladder, such that the oncogene-induced bladder tumors that develop in these mice glow.
Publications: Cancer Res. 2002 Mar 15;62(6):1862-7
Science, Vol 299, Mar 2003, p1972
These images show the development of a bioluminescent pituitary tumor in a transgenic mouse following conditional and homozygous deletion of Rb. This mouse expresses both firefly luciferase and Cre recombinase under the transcriptional regulation of the POMC promoter. (1 minute, bin 10 images, IVIS Imaging System 100 Series)
Metabolic Disease Models
Two regions of interest (ROIs) were examined on the ventral and dorsal sides of the animals.
Example of RIP-luc transgene expression in the light-producing transgenic mice demonstrating pancreas-specific transgene expression.
Credits: Dixon Kaufman, Northwestern University
- Islets (300) were transplanted via portal vein infusion.
- Transplanted islets functioned to rescue the STZ-induced diabetes.
- Transplanted islets survived in hosts for >30 day islets.
Endocrine Disruptor Models
Systems & Software
Fluorescent Imaging
Fluorescent images for the ventral side of a control mouse (Nu/nu male), illustrating animal tissue autofluorescence.
Publication: Molecular Imaging. Vol. 3, No. 1, January 2004, pp. 9-23
Bioluminescent (left) and fluorescent (right) images for a subcutaneous injection of three million PC3M-luc/DsRed cells in an 11-week-old male Nu/nu mouse.
Publication: Molecular Imaging. Vol. 3, No. 1, January 2004, pp. 9-23
Bioluminescent (left) and fluorescent (right) images for an intramuscular injection of one million HeLa-luc/PKH26 cells in an 11-week-old male Nu/nu mouse.
Publication: Molecular Imaging. Vol. 3, No. 1, January 2004, pp. 9-23
Autofluorescent background correction data using the filter subtraction technique. The 6-week-old female Nu/nu mouse was injected subcutaneously with one million HeLa-luc/PKH26 cells in the left flank.
3D Imaging
Presentation: 4th SMI Conference, September, 2005; Cologne, Germany
An in vivo animal experiment was conducted using two luminescent beads: one implanted in the scruff on the dorsal side and the other in the abdominal fat from the ventral side. Spectral data was taken at 560, 580, 600 and 620 nm. The DLIT code was unable to reconstruct the bead in the abdominal fat for the dorsal data or in the scruff for the ventral data. (λ = 560, 580, 600 and 620 nm)
Presentation: 4th SMI Conference, September, 2005; Cologne, Germany
A Nu/nu mouse was injected with 2x106 PC3M-luc cells in 100μL of PBS into the left ventricle of the heart. The cells were allowed to colonize and grow for 29 days before imaging. Metastases were found on the exterior rib cage, the peritoneal cavity and the left femur. An example of the value of DLIT is demonstrated by the dorsal view data. Even though the average radiance on the surface of the animal for the peritoneal cavity and the left femur are the same, the DLIT reconstruction shows that the peritoneal metastasis is ~50x brighter. (29 days after i.c. injection of 2x106 cells; λ = 580, 600 and 620 nm)
800nm QDs remain in liver and lymph nodes, 800PEG QD never accumulate in liver and lymph nodes. Signal decreases with time due to the QDs being cleared from the body.
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